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Cut Specifications

Depth Percentage

Total height as a proportion of width · Governs light performance and face-up size simultaneously

Depth percentage is the total height of a stone — from table to culet — expressed as a percentage of its width at the girdle. A round brilliant with a 61% depth and a 6.5mm diameter has a total height of approximately 3.96mm. This single number sits at the intersection of two of a buyer's most important concerns: optical performance and apparent size.

Too shallow — below roughly 58% for a round brilliant — and the pavilion angle drops below the critical angle for total internal reflection. Light stops bouncing between pavilion facets and leaks straight through the bottom. The stone goes dark in the center, an effect sometimes called a "fish-eye" or "nail-head." Too deep — above roughly 63% — and the stone buries mass in its pavilion. It is heavier than it looks. You pay for carat weight that never shows up on a hand.

Depth, light performance, and face-up size
Too Shallow · 55% Light leaks out 55% Fish-eye / dark center Ideal · 61% 61% Maximum brilliance Too Deep · 68% 68% Mass hidden below girdle Smaller face-up appearance
Three depth scenarios for a round brilliant. Shallow cuts fail total internal reflection and leak light. Ideal cuts return maximum light through the crown. Deep cuts satisfy optical requirements but bury mass in the pavilion — reducing face-up size for no visual benefit.
Ideal depth ranges by cut
CutIdeal depth %Acceptable rangeNotes
Round Brilliant59–62.5%58–64%GIA Excellent requires 57.5–64%
Princess64–75%62–80%Naturally deeper than round; accept up to 75%
Oval58–62%56–68%Depth also affects bow-tie severity
Pear58–62%55–68%Shallower than 58% risks bow-tie extinction
Marquise58–62%56–66%Deep marquise narrows apparent outline width
Cushion61–67%58–72%Modified cushions run deeper; check dimensions
Emerald60–67%58–72%Step cuts can accommodate deeper proportions
Asscher60–75%58–78%Deep pavilion intentional for optical X effect
Radiant61–67%58–72%Similar to cushion; check face-up dimensions
Heart56–62%54–66%Deep hearts narrow apparent width considerably
Key takeaway

When evaluating a fancy shape, always check the millimeter dimensions alongside depth percentage. A 1-carat oval at 68% depth may have the same face-up area as a 0.85-carat oval at 62% depth — you are paying for 15% more weight that sits hidden beneath the setting. This is one of the most common value traps in fancy shape purchasing, and it is entirely visible on the grading report if you know to look for it.

Sources & further reading

Your cert lists the depth percentage. Drop it into the Cert Checker to see whether it falls inside the ideal range for your cut.

Open the Cert Checker →